The biological basis of menopause stems from the exhaustion of follicular endowment in the ovary and clinically manifests as loss of menses and of fertility. Menopause is preceded by a series of clinical stages, as depicted in the Staging of Reproductive Aging Workshop (STRAW). The updated version STRAW+10 includes the different reproductive stages, together with the clinically impactful menopausal transition and end of reproductive life represented by the postmenopausal phase. Epidemiological studies show that age at menopause, generally considered to be around 50 years, shows significant variations across different world regions. High socioeconomic conditions may delay menopause, but other variables are at work. The hormonal background of each stage has been well described. The clinical implications are mainly represented by cycle irregularities and menopausal symptoms. Predicting age at menopause remains uncertain at the individual level.