Indian cities are grappling with environmental degradation and social inequalities, with the Smart Cities project facing challenges due to poor governance and lack of coordination among stakeholders. On the other hand, the technological landscape is rapidly evolving, necessitating a reevaluation of environmental policies to align with environmental goals and encourage innovation and efficiency. This chapter explores the integration of Internet of Things (IoT) and Big Data in environmental governance in India, focusing on the opportunities, challenges, and insights associated with this integration. The methodology of the chapter involves qualitative data collection from literature sources to provide recommendations for integrating IoT into India's environmental policy framework. The qualitative approach in the study involves analyzing historical literature on IoT, organizing data, searching for narratives and themes, and documenting relevant information. The study concludes that amendments to the draft IoT policy are necessary to ensure compliance and integration within the existing regulatory framework in India to address environmental governance challenges effectively. IoT technology has the potential to transform environmental decision-making processes and smart city development in India, offering opportunities to leverage technology for efficient environmental issue resolution. The study provides valuable insights into leveraging IoT and Big Data to enhance environmental governance practices in India.