Land Policy in Norway: Exploring the Boundaries of Planning Striving for Density and Car-Free Living
摘要
This chapter explores the unique characteristics of Norwegian land policy, focusing on the institutional challenges posed by a planning system that seeks to balance prescriptive strategic land-use planning with increasingly detailed prescriptive and performative requirements for the content of plans. To illustrate these challenges, we present the case of Mindemyren in Bergen. This former low-intensity industrial and warehouse area in the southern part of Norway’s second-largest city, Bergen is now being transformed into a mixed-use urban area, primarily featuring owner-occupied housing. However, the Norwegian planning system faces challenges in synchronising legally binding land-use plans across the three levels of government. This case study highlights the limited flexibility of planning authorities, as many spatial decisions are pre-determined by the constraints of sector-specific policies, including the integration of a light rail system and a fast bike route. The Mindemyren case underscores the difficulties planning authorities face in reconciling conflicting sector policies while pursuing sustainable urban development. A thorough understanding of Norwegian land policy is essential for addressing the complex challenges of urbanisation, transportation, and environmental sustainability in modern cities.