Sustainable aviation biofuels are emerging as environmentally preferable alternatives to conventional petroleum-derived fuels due to their reduced environmental footprint through mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. This study aims to delve into the substantial strides made in the research and production of these biofuels, encompassing the development of cutting-edge technologies and highly efficient production processes. An extensive analysis conducted on the Web of Science database from 2014 to 2024 identified a substantial corpus of 541 publications pertinent to the subject matter. The United States emerged as the preeminent contributor with 166 articles, closely followed by China with 139. Within the domain of energy fuel research, there was a notable representation of 35.1% of the total scholarly output. Despite the promising potential of sustainable aviation biofuels (SAFs), significant hurdles remain, notably the constrained availability of sustainable feedstock on a commercial scale, which could impede the economic feasibility of large-scale production. Nonetheless, SAFs signify a pivotal opportunity to advance the sustainability agenda within the aviation sector and foster long-term environmental stewardship. This necessitates sustained research, innovation and infrastructural development investments to catalyse their widespread production and utilization, aligning with overarching ecological objectives.