Gender Equality Norm Cluster in Action: The Resiliency of Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights in the EU
摘要
The European Union (EU) emphasises its role in championing gender equality norms, particularly viewing them as integral to its identity. This chapter focuses on one key aspect of gender equality norms: Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights (SRHR). This norm has been continuously challenged and contested since its internalisation. Initially, from 1995 to 2017, debates focused on its application, based on establishing a permissive consensus among sceptics. Between 2017 and 2020, contestation shifted towards questioning the norm’s validity, intensifying disputes in the gender equality sphere, and even questioning the gender concept itself. This shift aligned with an international and European convergence of norm opponents. Despite these challenges, the norm’s prominence within the EU framework allowed for a strategic exclusion of dissenters, which was deemed necessary by most Member States. Such a decision began to show benefits, since 2021, these previously reluctant actors began to realign with the EU’s consensus on SRHR. The chapter thus shows that the gender equality norm cluster is resilient in the face of contestation.