The research aims to determine the current elements of the personnel motivation system in a medical institution. Creating and managing an effective motivation system for employees of healthcare institutions plays a key role in ensuring a high level of professionalism and quality provision of medical services. The authors used analytical, statistical, and sociological methods to conduct the research. During the research, the authors revealed no incentive system for implementing additional and urgent orders received from higher authorities in most healthcare institutions. The authors determined that 70% of employees are not satisfied with the level of wages. Moreover, there is no system for grading management personnel (PM) by level of education and no incentive payments for length of service in the institution. The research allowed the authors to formulate factors of the labor activity of medical personnel. The authors proposed introducing mentoring, which is not currently implemented in the institution. The research determined the advantages of the mentoring system for the mentor and the follower. Additionally, the authors developed a unified rating scale for a comprehensive mentoring assessment.