This chapter explores the framework and dynamics of horizontal intergovernmental coordination in Romania. The interplay of history and geography has not only tilted the organisation of the country into a centralised nation-state, but also the machinery and processus of intergovernmental relations. At horizontal level, this is best observed in the coordination of local government authorities. A complex (and rather confusing) range of dedicated structures (e.g., intercommunity development associations, metropolitan areas, and administrative consortia) is meant to compensate for the poor institutional design behind the two-tiered territorial organisation (left largely unchanged since 1968) and the NUTS-2 level units (development regions, which exist largely for statistical reasons and managing EU-funded projects, and not as a third-tier of the administrative system). This is not as much short-sightedness as a deliberate choice to resist regionalisation, rooted in a sense of territoriality characteristic of a young nation. In practice, the legacy of an autocratic leadership or the unclear demarcation between politics and administration further complicate the dynamics of horizontal coordination. Nevertheless, since coordination occurs both within and beyond (in spite of) this complex machinery and flawed processus, the authors consider the lessons to be learned.