This chapter introduces a brief history of English language education in Korea. It starts with the English language teaching context in Korea where the changes and developments are mostly driven by the Korean Government and the periodic reforms of the National Curriculum. Then it discusses the major changes and developments in English education in Korea. This is followed by major issues and challenges in the field, which eventually led to innovations in English language learning and teaching to resolve them. This is the theme of this edited volume. Finally, it explains how the edited volume is structured and what type of innovations in English language learning and teaching in Korea, how, and why each chapter addresses.