Silences and Speech at the Front: Fighting France
摘要
Edith Wharton’s position as a woman speaking publicly about the Great War informs this chapter’s examination of Fighting France: From Dunkerque to Belfort (1915), an anthology of eyewitness accounts from the Western Front originally published in Scribner’s Magazine in 1915. Employing her profile as an established writer and means to travel to the front, Wharton’s fact-finding and provisioning expeditions on behalf of the French Red Cross gave her the opportunity to adopt the role of silence breaker and to address American audiences directly about the conflict. Her war reportage drew attention to the perceived righteousness of the Allied cause to garner support and encourage an end to American isolationism, but advocacy on a public stage also involved more muted messaging concerning the realities of war. Wharton’s sensitivity to silence features variously in her portrayals of French stoicism and the front as a soundscape, yet stepping into a traditionally male domain, warfare’s bewildering impressions are never far from the surface. They manifest in lists that attempt to make sense of what she observes, but Wharton’s frequent admission of being confounded by the front emphasises Fighting France’s status as advocacy instead of outright propaganda.