The European Union (EU) has been trying to have a common asylum and migration policy since the 1970s. However, member states’ differentiated interests and policies prevent the Union from producing a functioning asylum and migration policy. From the perspectives of refugees, the diverse policies create inequality between the host community and refugees in terms of the protection of human rights. In addition, the nationality of refugees seems to matter to the EU, which results in inequality among refugees. This paper seeks to identify the unequal treatment of the EU for refugees, with a comparison between the perceptions of Syrians and Ukrainians in the eyes of European political elites. The paper argues that discourses of European political elites in the digital platforms show that Ukrainians are regarded as the victims of Russian attacks, but Syrians are considered potential terrorists. The EU has searched for third states, namely safe third countries like Turkey to send back the Syrians; but Ukrainians are welcomed and granted temporary protection status. Methodologically the paper follows discourse analysis over the speeches of EU political elites on digital platforms. It also analyzes the public opinion polls to enlighten the impact of migration policies on European citizens. It aims to analyze the speeches and public opinion polls between 2015 and 2022 since the migration flows from Syria to Europe have been more intensive since 2015 and the war in Ukraine started in 2022.

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Does the Nationality of Refugees Matter? Inequality in EU Digital Public Sphere

  • Zuhal Unalp Cepel

摘要

The European Union (EU) has been trying to have a common asylum and migration policy since the 1970s. However, member states’ differentiated interests and policies prevent the Union from producing a functioning asylum and migration policy. From the perspectives of refugees, the diverse policies create inequality between the host community and refugees in terms of the protection of human rights. In addition, the nationality of refugees seems to matter to the EU, which results in inequality among refugees. This paper seeks to identify the unequal treatment of the EU for refugees, with a comparison between the perceptions of Syrians and Ukrainians in the eyes of European political elites. The paper argues that discourses of European political elites in the digital platforms show that Ukrainians are regarded as the victims of Russian attacks, but Syrians are considered potential terrorists. The EU has searched for third states, namely safe third countries like Turkey to send back the Syrians; but Ukrainians are welcomed and granted temporary protection status. Methodologically the paper follows discourse analysis over the speeches of EU political elites on digital platforms. It also analyzes the public opinion polls to enlighten the impact of migration policies on European citizens. It aims to analyze the speeches and public opinion polls between 2015 and 2022 since the migration flows from Syria to Europe have been more intensive since 2015 and the war in Ukraine started in 2022.