Because of globalization and increasingly intertwined global business environments, international business operations have become an expensive and complex process. It has necessitated many firms to appropriately adjust and coordinate value-creation activities (e.g., manufacturing, R&D, marketing, and distribution) depending upon the host country environments (e.g., regulations and local market competition). Before firms take the plunge into a global business, they estimate the cost of adjustment and coordination. During this process, firms may discover that they don’t encompass all the necessary capabilities internally to make the adjustment and perform their activities. To overcome this, firms may seek partners and form an alliance to share resources, technology and even the risk of operations.