Chapters 1 to 4 primarily focused on explaining and examining the different aspects of sustainable land use and agricultural innovation by land size classes at block level from 1995–1996 to 2015–2016 mainly based on secondary data sources. It has been proved that the performance of the marginal land category is better than other land classes, which invalidates the pre-concept notion of bigger land size class dominance in agricultural innovation. The analysis is based on a household survey to check the sustainable agricultural land use and innovation at village level. The first section of this chapter describes the biophysical and demographic characteristics of the sample villages. This is followed by the soil nutrition index of those selected villages. The agricultural situation of the villages is explained in the next section. The relationship between agricultural innovation and sustainable land use has been analysed through composite index value in the subsequent section. In the last section, principal component analysis was performed to identify the critical and essential factors of sustainable agricultural land use in the study area. The analysis in this chapter is based on primary data obtained through household survey. The soil nutrient index, sustainable agricultural land use index, principal component analysis, and quartile methods have been used in this chapter.