This chapter seeks to make sense of neoclassical realism, both as a variety of unique theories and as a whole. Accordingly, its first four sections discuss four theories commonly identified as neoclassical realist. The first section articulates William Wohlforth’s theory, which argues that leaders’ perceptions of the balance of power are essential to understanding their foreign policies. The second section discusses Thomas Christensen’s explanation of certain ostensibly irrational foreign policies as rational attempts to guarantee public support for states’ core national-security policies. Fareed Zakaria’s state-centric realism is the topic of the third section. The gist of his theory is that the level and extent of power a state exerts internationally depends on the level of its domestic power. The fourth section explains Randal Schweller’s “balance-of-interests” theory. The final section takes stock of neoclassical realism in general, arguing that its distinguishing feature is its adherents’ aim to generate specific theories of foreign policy by introducing non-systemic independent and mediating variables into their analysis. Given the broadness of its distinguishing feature, neoclassical realism is an indeterminate category. The overall aim of the present chapter is to illustrate the disarrayed nature of neoclassical realism, and thus realism in general by extension.