Dyeing of Cotton Fabric with Pomegranate Peel Extract (Punica Granatum L.) Using Chitosan and Aloe Vera (L.) Burm. F. As Biomordants and Alum and Ferrous Sulfate as Mordants
摘要
Dyeing processes are one of the main responsible for the environmental problems caused by the textile industries. Natural dyes, in addition to being non-toxic, can add value to a product, due to the bioactive properties present in the extracts of certain raw materials, such as residual pomegranate peels (Punica granatum L.), which have high levels of flavonoids and tannins, a composition that provides dyeability, antimicrobial and ultraviolet protection. Additionally, chitosan and Aloe vera (L.) Burm. f, have been studied as biomordants. Chitosan is a natural, renewable and biodegradable product obtained from fishing waste. Aloe vera (L.) Burm. f. its composition contains alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, sterols, triterpenes, mucilages, oses, holosides. Meta-mordanting with (KAl(SO4)2.12H2O) and ferrous sulfate (II) (FeSO4.7H2O) were also studied. Biomordants were used as pre-mordanting, simultaneous mordanting, post-mordanting and meta-mordanting ones were studied in the simultaneous mordanting. The dyeing properties of the dyed fabrics, including color intensity, color coordinates, and color fastness to washing and perspiration were investigated. The results showed that pomegranate peel residues can be used as a natural dye to dye cotton fabrics. Dye absorption in cotton is substantially improved by the inclusion of biomordants and mordants, when pre-mordants and mordants are performed simultaneously, the K/S values are higher. In simultaneous dyeing, the acid sweat resistance results show that chitosan has lower grades 3.