Although high-rise construction was known several thousand years ago, its dawn came in the second half of the 20th and early twenty-first centuries. Using various examples, the authors illustrate the prospects of high-rise construction in Russia’s capital, noting that Moscow’s future lies precisely in vertical development. The work demonstrates that high-rise construction will facilitate a shift towards polycentrism in the city, reducing the burden on the transportation system and incorporating elements of the green economy. By the middle of the twenty-first century, Moscow will transform into an ultramodern city, emerging from the vision of the future born in the distant 1960s. Quiet low-rise buildings (transformations may await areas like Kuryanovo, where the Biryulevskaya metro line will reach) will be engulfed by high-rise construction. However, high-rise construction will also make it possible to preserve green enclaves in the capital, which serve as the city’s “lungs.” The future of the Moscow environment lies in the judicious combination of residential development and green areas.