In-situ TEM: Principle, Working, Application and Challenges

Real time observation of materials dynamic properties at nanoscale under electron microscopy will be functionalize and revolutionize through operation and working of in-situ TEM. Starting from explanation with basics of in-situ TEM principle, working has been extended to correlation of different dynamic processes w.r.t. physical, chemical, thermal, optical etc., processes. Probable modification in specimen under in-situ TEM has been observed and analysed under external condition viz. temperature, pressure, moisture etc. Application of specimen analysis through specialized sample holder viz. sealed liquid or gas cell etc., have been also utilized in battery performance, catalysis investigation, junction analysis etc. Due to real time imaging of specimen in dynamic domains, respective major and minor challenges also have been resolved with best possible solutions. Finally, current chapter addresses versatile capabilities of in-situ TEM, which can be employed in development of battery material, catalysis, electrocatalysis and biological material for novel innovations.