Introduction to Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM)

Summarizing simple to complex facts and figures related to transmission electron microscopy (TEM) technique will be the torchbearer approach towards germination of innovative and insightful information of specimen analysis at atomic and molecular scale. Right from historical background with evolution stages of electron microscopy, respective fundamentals, working with different modes of operation including bright field (BF), dark field (DF), high angle annular dark field imaging (HAADF), cryo-TEM, environmental-TEM (ETEM) etc., has been discussed. In addition, quantification modes including energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS), and electron diffraction (ED), also have been summarized under current chapter. Efficient utilization of TEM with maximum potentialities will be functionalized through utilization of 3 M, i.e. man, machine and money in an appropriate manner. Application of TEM technique has been extended from material science to biological sciences, including analysis of cellular structure, macromolecules, to medical research with device failure mechanisms to upgrade in respective technologies. This chapter will definitely lay the stout foundation towards the building of innovative database through EM imaging.