The Brunovistulicum represents a Neoproterozoic continental block incorporated into the Central European Variscan Belt and cropping out in few separated segments in Moravia and Silesia (Czech Republic). The eastern part of the Brunovistulicum is mostly concealed below the Devonian to Lower Carboniferous sedimentary cover of the eastern Bohemian Massif and flysch nappes of the Western Carpathians and was only little affected by the Variscan Orogeny. The Cenozoic NW–SE trending Haná Fault subdivides the Brunovistulicum into a northern, mostly metamorphic domain and a southern, dominantly magmatic one. Ediacaran flysch-type sediments and Cambrian siliciclastic succession of marine to terrestrial character are locally preserved in the south and well-developed in the Upper Silesian Block in the north. The southern Brunovistulian domain is composed of two Cadomian granitoid belts: an easterly, geochemically rather primitive Slavkov Terrane (c. 600 Ma) and a westerly relatively mature Thaya Terrane (630–580 Ma), both developed in Andean-type arc setting. They are separated by N–S trending, Late Tonian metavolcanic complex (c. 730 Ma, Metabasite Zone) crystallized from mantle-derived magmas generated in extensional setting and, in the west, a plutonic Diorite Zone (c. 650 Ma) developed in an intra-oceanic arc. To the west of the Brunovistulicum proper, orthogneiss bodies in the Variscan nappes of the Moravo-Silesian Zone, which lay in a tectonic footwall of the Moldanubicum, were supposedly derived from the Brunovistulian protolith. Their precursors are thought to have developed in a mature magmatic-arc setting between 600 and 570 Ma. The Brunovistulicum records a single (probably Gondwanan) long-lived active continental margin and was docked to Baltica in the Cambrian times.