By analyzing the socio-historical context of Sub-Saharan Africa, this chapter seeks to navigate the sustainability challenges from the premise that there is realistic hope for the region. While there are human-inflicted challenges such as refugees, internally displaced persons, stateless persons, bad governance, food insecurity, poor infrastructures, and poverty among others, there are natural causes of sustainability challenges such as drought (as in Sahel region) and floods (as in the Victorian Basin). In some cases, tsetse fly is a major threat to sustainability survival for the livestock in Sub-Saharan Africa. Malaria likewise is a major killer disease. The coming of pandemics such as COVID-19 and HIV and AIDS has further complicated sustainability challenges further. This chapter seeks to demonstrate that despite the challenges there is still hope for the Sub-Saharan Africa.