This chapter draws extensively from my published biography of Lotze (2015) and provides a chronological overview of Lotze’s writings. Each section explores the origin and reception of his scientific ideas. In Lotze’s case, we have hypotheses drawn from a review of the current literature. Lotze, a preeminent philosopher of science, pioneered the use of leading maxims from Fries and Apelt in pathology, physiology, and medical psychology. His approach contrasts with John Stuart Mill’s, who developed a philosophy of experiment without applying it to actual scientific problems that could be pursued by scientists. Lotze advocated for quantification, particularly in spatial location on the retina and the visual field. His theories on movement and emotion, suggesting that bodily responses precede feelings, influenced William James. His seminal ideas on language were further developed by Heymann Steinthal and Moritz Lazarus. In North America, G. T. Ladd and J. M. Baldwin extended Lotze’s ethics of benevolence and genetic epistemology in the New Psychology. The chapter omits detailed discussion of philosophers who deeply understood Lotze’s psychology in relation to logic and metaphysics, such as John McTaggart, Bertrand Russell, and Ludwig Wittgenstein. For insights into their contributions, readers are directed to Milkov’s comprehensive review, which also compares Lotze to figures like Franz Brentano, Carl Stumpf, William James, and Heinrich Rickert, highlighting their descriptive psychologies, analytic methods, and theories of concept formation.