The study aims at investigating the crucial barriers and enablers in the application of same-day delivery logistics in Hanoi, Vietnam – a city with very high-speed e-commerce development. A questionnaire survey has been conducted with the involvement of customers and e-commerce retailers to rate affecting factors based on their respective importance about same-day delivery in Hanoi, Vietnam. The findings revealed that the most important factors that affect same-day delivery substantially are infrastructure, traffic congestion, weather conditions, high logistics costs, limited payment options, and limited customer awareness. The study results confirm that while same-day delivery offers a competitive advantage for e-commerce businesses, it also presents significant logistical and financial challenges in Vietnam. Such findings facilitate the recommendations for e-commerce service providers on requiring careful planning and coordination of various logistics processes, including order processing, inventory management, and last-mile delivery. The results also provide practical evidence to transport authorities to provide a possible reduction of logistics costs in the long term.