In South Africa, mining companies have long been associated with significant social harm to surrounding communities and miners. The early 1900s saw atrocities such as the migrant labor system, mining compounds, and Acts that successfully excluded Black people from socioeconomic opportunities. Understanding Zama Zama mining requires recognizing the profound racial and socioeconomic divide shaped by the mining industry under both pre-apartheid and apartheid governments. This context emphasizes the power dynamics and the historical influences on narratives and policymaking. The Mineral and Petroleum Resource Development Act (MPRDA) of 2002 was implemented to promote the artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) sector and in order to address these historical injustices. However, the post-apartheid era has not fully rectified past injustices, as evidenced by the neglect of developing the artisanal mining sector. Economic inclusion and the need to address historical wrongs remain pressing issues. This emphasizes the need to address historical and social injustices and reevaluate Zama Zama mining within a developmental framework. Initiatives for socioeconomic development in the artisanal mining sector, aiming to redistribute and provide access to mineral resources for socioeconomically marginalized groups should be implemented. This shift is long overdue and essential for creating a more inclusive mining industry. This chapter outlines initiatives that could be implemented to address Zama Zama mining in a more sustainable manner.