The paper presents a novel approach to describing the elements of technical system structures, which offers new avenues for enhancing the automation of this information processing. This facilitates improving the conditions for the initial stages of technical systems’ development, which pertain to synthesizing their structures and schemes and are currently conducted exclusively by humans. The paper proposes a methodology for forming a digital description of the characteristics of structural elements that can be combined into a single structure of a specific technical system. This description is based on creating a multidimensional vector, which can be further processed using appropriate mathematical tools. This provides the possibility of processing this information by using mathematics. A methodology for forming vectors of description of structural elements of technical systems is proposed following the requirements for their effective use in algorithms implemented by computer programming. The presented approach establishes the foundation for the development of mathematical algorithms for processes related to the creation of technical system structures, their classification, efficient storage in the form of a database, efficient search by a large number of features, and other related tasks.