The study focused on analyzing the influence of casting methods on the microstructure of high-speed steel castings. The research revealed significant differences in the microstructural characteristics of steel twist drills manufactured through various casting techniques. The results demonstrated that the casting method significantly affects the distribution and arrangement of carbides within the microstructure. Specifically, the analysis showed that castings produced by different methods exhibited distinct carbide mesh structures, with carbide size, distribution, and alignment variations. These findings highlight the importance of selecting the appropriate casting method to optimize the microstructural properties of high-speed steel castings for enhanced cutting tool performance. The article describes a specialized software package developed by the authors for processing and analyzing digital images of microstructures. Visual and quantitative results of the study of microstructures of twist drills obtained by various casting methods are presented. The influence of the technology of casting into a water-cooled chill mold and investment casting on the formation of the microstructure and properties of high-speed steel castings is shown. The main technological parameters for casting drill blanks into water-cooled chill molds have been identified.