Coastal cities are particularly vulnerable to the impacts of sea level rise, which is one of the main consequences of human-generated climate change. As global temperatures increase, polar ice caps and glaciers melt, leading to the expansion of seawater and the rising of sea levels, which poses numerous risks and challenges for transportation networks near the shore in coastal cities, impacting their accessibility. Several studies have analyzed the impact of inundation due to storm surge on the transportation networks in low-lying regions, but none of them consider the transient case of overtopping and overflow before the inundation itself. By implementing a coupled hydrodynamic and wave model in combination with the coastal geometry to calculate the overtopping, overflowing, and later inundation, an accessibility-based methodology is used to evaluate the level of disruption in the transportation network affected by the natural event. To weigh the area in accordance with the populations, we use Mobile Spatial Statistics as an input of our accessibility evaluation model. The study area is the Suruga Bay, on Shizuoka prefecture, Japan. The coast of Shizuoka was hit by Typhoon Hagibis in October of 2019, causing the highest-level storm surges recorded in the area and widespread destruction. When contrasting travel durations between standard and the most degraded scenarios, there is a 1.6% cumulative rise in travel time throughout the entire surveyed network.

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Accessibility Assessment of Coastal Transportation Networks Under Storm Surge Scenarios Influenced by Sea Level Rise

  • Gerónimo Pulido Iparraguirre,
  • Fumitaka Kurauchi,
  • Tomonao Kobayashi,
  • Shuya Murase,
  • Kouhei Araki

摘要

Coastal cities are particularly vulnerable to the impacts of sea level rise, which is one of the main consequences of human-generated climate change. As global temperatures increase, polar ice caps and glaciers melt, leading to the expansion of seawater and the rising of sea levels, which poses numerous risks and challenges for transportation networks near the shore in coastal cities, impacting their accessibility. Several studies have analyzed the impact of inundation due to storm surge on the transportation networks in low-lying regions, but none of them consider the transient case of overtopping and overflow before the inundation itself. By implementing a coupled hydrodynamic and wave model in combination with the coastal geometry to calculate the overtopping, overflowing, and later inundation, an accessibility-based methodology is used to evaluate the level of disruption in the transportation network affected by the natural event. To weigh the area in accordance with the populations, we use Mobile Spatial Statistics as an input of our accessibility evaluation model. The study area is the Suruga Bay, on Shizuoka prefecture, Japan. The coast of Shizuoka was hit by Typhoon Hagibis in October of 2019, causing the highest-level storm surges recorded in the area and widespread destruction. When contrasting travel durations between standard and the most degraded scenarios, there is a 1.6% cumulative rise in travel time throughout the entire surveyed network.