This chapter deals with the global drivers and national adopters of the reform. It examines the first two movers—the OECD and the World Bank—that promoted and funded the global dissemination of SAWA. The Ministries of Finance were their primary counterparts at the national level. The reform was subsequently transferred and “translated” into line ministries, including the Ministries of Education. In OECD countries, New Public Management (NPM) included the introduction of new procurement laws. Governments were henceforth obligated to invite businesses and other private providers to bid for public goods and services. Contracting became the preferred policy instrument that relied on numerical measures of “pedagogical services” and expected outputs, which would then be costed and outsourced. This marked the inception of datafication in the education sector. The World Bank, in turn, rigorously promoted decentralization policies in aid-recipient countries for both ideological and managerial reasons. The structural adjustment policies of the World Bank Group pursued the same goal as NPM: reduction of public expenditures, increase in revenues, and outsourcing to the private sector. The chapter also provides a first glimpse into meso-level investigations of how institutions selectively adopted and translated the global school reform to fit their local policy contexts.