The ERC-1155 standard has introduced significant innovations in the management of fungible and non-fungible tokens in Ethereum, enabling batch transfers and the management of multiple tokens within a single contract. This lowers transaction costs and allows for a more efficient use of blockchain resources. To understand its impact and adoption, in this paper we conduct a comprehensive analysis of the ERC-1155 token ecosystem. To this end, we represent the economy of each ERC-1155 contract as a network where nodes represent users and edges symbolize token transfers. First, we study the activity of contracts by number of tokens managed and transfers produced, differentiating between single and batch exchanges. Then, we assess how contract activity has evolved over time, also comparing the overall transfer volume with that of the ERC-20 and ERC-721 standards. Finally, we analyze the topological properties of the networks associated with the top 100 largest ERC-1155 economies, for a total of 1.2 million nodes and 3.5 million edges. We characterize network topologies using five numerical features and study the degree distributions to identify the potential presence of a scale-free property. Results show that, within the analyzed time frame, ERC-1155 adoption is growing, but its functionalities are not being fully exploited and most networks lack both small-world and scale-free properties.

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Analyzing ERC-1155 Adoption: A Study of the Multi-token Ecosystem

  • Matteo Loporchio,
  • Damiano Di Francesco Maesa,
  • Anna Bernasconi,
  • Laura Ricci

摘要

The ERC-1155 standard has introduced significant innovations in the management of fungible and non-fungible tokens in Ethereum, enabling batch transfers and the management of multiple tokens within a single contract. This lowers transaction costs and allows for a more efficient use of blockchain resources. To understand its impact and adoption, in this paper we conduct a comprehensive analysis of the ERC-1155 token ecosystem. To this end, we represent the economy of each ERC-1155 contract as a network where nodes represent users and edges symbolize token transfers. First, we study the activity of contracts by number of tokens managed and transfers produced, differentiating between single and batch exchanges. Then, we assess how contract activity has evolved over time, also comparing the overall transfer volume with that of the ERC-20 and ERC-721 standards. Finally, we analyze the topological properties of the networks associated with the top 100 largest ERC-1155 economies, for a total of 1.2 million nodes and 3.5 million edges. We characterize network topologies using five numerical features and study the degree distributions to identify the potential presence of a scale-free property. Results show that, within the analyzed time frame, ERC-1155 adoption is growing, but its functionalities are not being fully exploited and most networks lack both small-world and scale-free properties.