This book’s overarching argument is that current New Public Management (NPM) inspired instruments are incompatible with the transition to a more sustainable society. The public sector follows a logic of efficiency and effectiveness in isolated areas, when what the world needs is a more holistic approach. This chapter provides an overview of the book and a brief explanation of the Norwegian experience in adopting NPM principles and instruments. Norway was a late adopter of NPM, and the authorities’ strategy has been to open up the public sector as a market rather than to privatize public services. Urban planning and development are used as the main examples of the marketization of public organizations throughout the book, but examples are also given from public health, research, public procurement, education, and working life. Better well-being is put forth as an alternative principle for developing our cities.