Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a highly contagious transboundary viral infection that affects sheep and goats affecting millions of livestock keepers, worldwide. Because of the global frequency and impact of PPRV, serological detection is crucial and has recently attracted large funding to further advance these diagnostic technologies. The sensitivity, specificity, and complexity of serological diagnostic procedures vary, making it possible to use in a variety of applications, depending upon resources and aims of investigations. A great deal of efforts has been put forward in developing and deploying competitive, blocking, immuno-capture, and sandwich ELISA assays to provide versatility and high sensitivity; however, these assays demand medium-sized equipped laboratories. This chapter aims to provide a critical analysis of existing serological assays for monitoring, serosurveillance, and assessing the vaccine efficacy.