Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a highly contagious viral disease that affects both domestic and wild small ruminants. The global initiative to eradicate this disease by 2030 is encountering numerous challenges that necessitate prompt attention. This chapter aims to expound on the challenges in the eradication campaign of PPR, which encompass poverty reduction, legal framework, vaccine availability, quality and post-vaccination challenges, funding shortfall, community engagement, geographical obstacles, laboratory diagnosis, movement control, and communication. To ensure the complete eradication of PPR and prevent further spread of the disease, it is vital to consider the socioeconomic impact, the one-health approach, and the economic benefits of small ruminants. Addressing these challenges as outlined can guarantee a successful eradication of PPR.