Documentaries have recently grown in importance globally, and also in Morocco and the wider Maghreb following the upheavals across the region that began in 2010–2011. And documentary filmmakers and anthropologists, although using very different tools, share some basic methods and aims, such as entering into complicated human relationships and bringing local human experiences to a broader public. Focusing on Moroccan documentary and referring to examples from Tunisia and the wider Arab world and beyond, this chapter explores several issues common to both anthropology and documentary filmmaking, including the challenges arising in the relationships between filmmaker/anthropologist and their human subjects; questions related to freedom of expression; and problems filmmakers and anthropologists face in creating cultural products that are “authentic” (that respond to local rather than foreign concerns), sincere, persuasive, etc. Several films on the role of women in politics and gender relations will be looked at closely. This chapter argues that, in the dynamic Moroccan context with a growing number of independent filmmakers operating outside state institutions, there are good reasons to hope that documentary’s role will continue to expand and provide Moroccans with ways of exploring their own as well as other societies, and of expressing responses to contemporary challenges.