Machine translation (MT) technology has developed significantly in both capability and utilization by language learners. This expansion of translation technology has created significant challenges for language educators. Although MT can provide benefits to learners, it also requires them to be trained on how it can most effectively be used. This chapter explores the use of MT across three cohorts of high school learners at different stages of a study abroad program in a high school in Japan. Survey data was collected from each of the following cohorts: one was preparing to go abroad; the second had just returned from studying abroad in an English-speaking country; and the third had completed one year of study abroad and was undertaking an English immersion curriculum. Analysis of data from each cohort shows that the utilization of MT changes in frequency and type as students progress through the program. These results provide evidence that learners can utilize MT in a positive way, relying on their own language ability more as their proficiency grows.