Inflammatory Disorders of the Submandibular Gland

Sialadenitis of the submandibular gland is relatively commonly encountered. Although not as frequent as sialadenitis of the parotid gland, it represents an important area of clinical relevance to head and neck surgeons, endocrinologists, otolaryngologists, and other specialists. Causes range from simple inflammation/infection to autoimmune etiologies. Acute sialadenitis is usually due to bacterial or viral infections and usually presents with rapid-onset pain and swelling. Chronic sialadenitis is usually due to obstruction due to calculi or stricture and usually presents with swelling without erythema. This chapter discusses the epidemiology, etiology, pathophysiology, pathology, clinical presentations, investigations (laboratory–imaging–biopsy), differential diagnosis, treatment (medical–surgical), and prognosis (outcome–complications) of submandibular sialadenitis. It also explores in detail acute submandibular, chronic non-autoimmune sialadenitis, chronic autoimmune sialadenitis, and special situations related to submandibular sialadenitis.