Roo-lesion nematodes or Pratylenchus are grouped among the top 10 significant plant-parasitic nematodes, which are migratory endoparasites. This genus comprises about 100 nominal species with a broad range of host plants. In addition, Pratylenchus species are distributed worldwide. In some cases, P. thornei causes a 50% yield loss in wheat. For being a successful parasite, Pratylenchus bears genes that assist the nematode to break down the cell wall. For instance, Partylenchus has Cellulose binding proteins to promote cellulase hydrolysis. The life cycle varies among the species; however, for P. loosi, a whole generation lasts 45–48 days. Identification of the Pratylenchus species is difficult due to morphological overlap. Therefore, DNA barcoding is a significant tool for identifying the species. Due to the economic importance of Pratylenchus species, various strategies such as cultural, chemical, and resistance cultivars as integrated pest management strategies might be necessary to control root-lesion nematodes.