This paper explores the convergence of Open Data initiatives, Linked Data technologies, ontological knowledge representation, and Large Language Models (LLMs) in generative Artificial Intelligence (AI). It examines how these complementary approaches can be integrated to create more powerful, flexible, and context-aware knowledge systems. The paper provides an overview of the open data landscape, the Semantic Web and Linked Data vision, ontologies and knowledge organization systems, and recent advances in LLMs. It then discusses how these technologies can be synergistically combined to enable next-generation knowledge systems that leverage both structured knowledge and natural language understanding. Potential applications in areas such as scientific research, government transparency, and intelligent information retrieval are discussed. The paper also addresses key challenges including scalability, data quality, ethical considerations, and the need for explainable AI. A strategic roadmap for realizing this integration is proposed, emphasizing collaboration between academia, industry, and government. While significant technical and ethical challenges remain, the convergence of these technologies has the potential to fundamentally transform how we interact with and derive insights from information, enabling more intelligent and context-aware knowledge systems to address complex real-world problems.

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The Convergence of Open Data, Linked Data, Ontologies, and Large Language Models: Enabling Next-Generation Knowledge Systems

  • Andrea Cigliano,
  • Francesca Fallucchi

摘要

This paper explores the convergence of Open Data initiatives, Linked Data technologies, ontological knowledge representation, and Large Language Models (LLMs) in generative Artificial Intelligence (AI). It examines how these complementary approaches can be integrated to create more powerful, flexible, and context-aware knowledge systems. The paper provides an overview of the open data landscape, the Semantic Web and Linked Data vision, ontologies and knowledge organization systems, and recent advances in LLMs. It then discusses how these technologies can be synergistically combined to enable next-generation knowledge systems that leverage both structured knowledge and natural language understanding. Potential applications in areas such as scientific research, government transparency, and intelligent information retrieval are discussed. The paper also addresses key challenges including scalability, data quality, ethical considerations, and the need for explainable AI. A strategic roadmap for realizing this integration is proposed, emphasizing collaboration between academia, industry, and government. While significant technical and ethical challenges remain, the convergence of these technologies has the potential to fundamentally transform how we interact with and derive insights from information, enabling more intelligent and context-aware knowledge systems to address complex real-world problems.