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Antepartum haemorrhage (APH) is often unpredictable and can endanger the life of pregnant woman and her foetus. Marginal placental bleeding is a common cause of minor APH, whereas placenta praevia and placental abruption are commonly responsible of major APH. Uterine rupture, during labour but also after trauma such as road traffic accidents, also leads to major APH. Bleeding from a vasa praevia, a foetal vessel lying just over the cervical ostium, can also cause APH. Even when the amount of vaginal bleeding is limited, this can lead to severe foetal anaemia and foetal death. Vasa praevia may be very difficult to identify, both on clinical examination and on ultrasound. In most situations, vaginal bleeding is obvious. However, APH (like PPH) can also be concealed intra-abdominally or within the uterus. In this case, symptoms and signs of shock/maternal collapse are the first presenting features.

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Antepartum Haemorrhage

  • 章节

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Cécile Monod,
  • Irene Hoesli,
  • Martina Gisin,
  • Samira Akra,
  • Annkathrin Butenschoen,
  • Stavroula Katsaouni,
  • Lara Sirdey Fiechter,
  • Katharina Redling

摘要

Antepartum haemorrhage (APH) is often unpredictable and can endanger the life of pregnant woman and her foetus. Marginal placental bleeding is a common cause of minor APH, whereas placenta praevia and placental abruption are commonly responsible of major APH. Uterine rupture, during labour but also after trauma such as road traffic accidents, also leads to major APH. Bleeding from a vasa praevia, a foetal vessel lying just over the cervical ostium, can also cause APH. Even when the amount of vaginal bleeding is limited, this can lead to severe foetal anaemia and foetal death. Vasa praevia may be very difficult to identify, both on clinical examination and on ultrasound. In most situations, vaginal bleeding is obvious. However, APH (like PPH) can also be concealed intra-abdominally or within the uterus. In this case, symptoms and signs of shock/maternal collapse are the first presenting features.