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NanoparticlesNanoparticles (NPs)(NPsNanoparticles (NPs)) are small enough to infiltrate a wide range of organisms, including people, animals, and plantsPlant. Their sizes range from 1 nm to several hundred nanometers. Folar uptakeUptake happens through the stomataStoma or cuticleCuticle, whereas root uptakeRoot uptake happens through processes like active transport through ion channelsIon channels and passive diffusionDiffusion. The interactions between nanoparticlesNanoparticles (NPs) and plantPlant cellswhich are affected by parameters such as size, composition, and surface featureshave a substantial impact on plant growthPlant growth and developmentDevelopment as well as how plantsPlant respond to environmental stressors. Clarifying these connections requires the use of sophisticated spectroscopic and imaging techniques. The absorption, distribution, and localization of nanoparticlesNanoparticles (NPs) within plantPlant tissuesTissue can be seen and understood with the use of confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSMConfocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM)), fluorescenceFluorescence microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEMScanning electron microscopy (SEM)), transmission electron microscopy (TEMTransmission electron microscopy (TEM)), Raman spectroscopyRaman spectroscopy, and hyperspectral imagingHyperspectral imaging. The ways in which nanoparticlesNanoparticles (NPs) interact with organelles and cellular structuresStructure are explained in detail by these techniques. Additionally, in order to better understand nanoparticleNanoparticles (NPs) dynamicsDynamics in plantsPlant, this chapter looks at the use of advanced imaging modalities like matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI), positron emission tomography (PETPositron Emission Tomography (PET)), magnetic resonance imaging (MRIMagnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)), X-ray micro computed tomographyComputed Tomography (CT) (X-ray microCT), secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMSSecondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS)), laser ablationLaser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometryInductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) (LA-ICP-MSPyrolysis Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (Py-GC/MS)), and micro-particle induced X-ray emission (Micro-PIXE)Micro-Particle Induced X-ray Emission (Micro-PIXE). With the use of these techniques, the physiological impacts, distribution patterns, and absorption mechanisms of nanoparticlesNanoparticles (NPs) on plantsPlant may all be thoroughly investigated. Moreover, their chemical specificity, spatial resolution, and sensitivity are exceptional. Whencombined, these cutting-edge instruments improve our comprehension of the relationships between nanoparticlesNanoparticles (NPs) and plantsPlant, offering vital information for creating environmentally remediationRemediation techniques and sustainable farming methods.

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Imaging and Spectroscopic Methods for Analyzing Nanoparticle-Plant Interactions

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Shiji M. Chemparathy,
  • B. T. Umesh,
  • Amrita Dinesh

摘要

NanoparticlesNanoparticles (NPs)(NPsNanoparticles (NPs)) are small enough to infiltrate a wide range of organisms, including people, animals, and plantsPlant. Their sizes range from 1 nm to several hundred nanometers. Folar uptakeUptake happens through the stomataStoma or cuticleCuticle, whereas root uptakeRoot uptake happens through processes like active transport through ion channelsIon channels and passive diffusionDiffusion. The interactions between nanoparticlesNanoparticles (NPs) and plantPlant cellswhich are affected by parameters such as size, composition, and surface featureshave a substantial impact on plant growthPlant growth and developmentDevelopment as well as how plantsPlant respond to environmental stressors. Clarifying these connections requires the use of sophisticated spectroscopic and imaging techniques. The absorption, distribution, and localization of nanoparticlesNanoparticles (NPs) within plantPlant tissuesTissue can be seen and understood with the use of confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSMConfocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM)), fluorescenceFluorescence microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEMScanning electron microscopy (SEM)), transmission electron microscopy (TEMTransmission electron microscopy (TEM)), Raman spectroscopyRaman spectroscopy, and hyperspectral imagingHyperspectral imaging. The ways in which nanoparticlesNanoparticles (NPs) interact with organelles and cellular structuresStructure are explained in detail by these techniques. Additionally, in order to better understand nanoparticleNanoparticles (NPs) dynamicsDynamics in plantsPlant, this chapter looks at the use of advanced imaging modalities like matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI), positron emission tomography (PETPositron Emission Tomography (PET)), magnetic resonance imaging (MRIMagnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)), X-ray micro computed tomographyComputed Tomography (CT) (X-ray microCT), secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMSSecondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS)), laser ablationLaser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometryInductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) (LA-ICP-MSPyrolysis Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (Py-GC/MS)), and micro-particle induced X-ray emission (Micro-PIXE)Micro-Particle Induced X-ray Emission (Micro-PIXE). With the use of these techniques, the physiological impacts, distribution patterns, and absorption mechanisms of nanoparticlesNanoparticles (NPs) on plantsPlant may all be thoroughly investigated. Moreover, their chemical specificity, spatial resolution, and sensitivity are exceptional. Whencombined, these cutting-edge instruments improve our comprehension of the relationships between nanoparticlesNanoparticles (NPs) and plantsPlant, offering vital information for creating environmentally remediationRemediation techniques and sustainable farming methods.