Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV), part of the Alfamovirus genus within the Bromoviridae family, is a plant pathogen that spans the globe, affecting numerous plant species, from herbaceous to woody varieties. AMV is primarily transmitted through seeds, aphids (non-persistent manner) and mechanical means. AMV infection typically results in mottled or mosaic patterns on affected plants. AMV is often propagated and accumulated on highly susceptible plant hosts like soybean and Nicotiana benthamiana within controlled greenhouse environments. Alfalfa Mosaic Virus (AMV) possesses a tripartite single-stranded, positive-sense RNA genome consisting of three RNAs segments (RNA1, RNA2, and RNA3). RNA1 and RNA2 encode the subunits of the viral replicase, the enzyme complex responsible for viral RNA replication. RNA3 encodes the viral movement protein, essential for cell-to-cell movement within the host plant and serves as a template for the synthesis of sub-genomic RNA4. Sub-genomic RNA4 encodes the viral coat protein (Capsid) which protects the viral genetic material. AMV can be isolated biologically via single local lesions on Chenopodium amaranticolor plants. The virus can be further confirmed through serological tests and polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis. Plants were chemically primed with salicylic acid (SA) and melatonin (MTL) to enhance plant resistance against AMV infection. These compounds stimulated the production of antioxidant compounds, oxidative enzymes and expressed resistant gene in infected plants. Additionally, SA and MTL effectively reduced levels of oxidative byproducts as malondialdehyde, hydroxyl radicals, superoxide anions and hydrogen peroxide. Notably, both SA and MTL are eco-friendly and possess antiviral properties.