Celery roots are winter vegetables grown in temperate climates, and their leaves are considered vegetables. Since celery is consumed only in the winter, its production and consumption amounts are lower than those of other vegetables. In all countries where celery is grown, viruses and virus-like diseases are the leading pathogens affecting yield and quality in celery production. One of these diseases is the celery mosaic virus (CeMV). Although the presence of the virus was detected in the 1930s, studies on CeMV are very limited. According to our current knowledge, CeMV belonging to the genus Potyvirus typically shares similar characteristics with members of other genera members. It can cause significant economic losses by causing severe infections in its hosts. Unfortunately, we do not have enough information about the molecular population structure of the agent. In this context, it is thought that future studies should be planned to elucidate the population structures of CeMV isolates.