Abaca (Musa textilis Nee), an indigenous crop of the Philippines, is the source of the longest and strongest natural fiber internationally known as Manila hemp. Abaca is a major dollar-earning crop, as the Philippines supplies about 87% of the global demand for its fiber. Fiber production, however, is continuously being challenged by both abiotic and biotic factors, specifically virus diseases. Abaca bunchy top virus (ABTV) is one of the causal agents of the bunchy top diseases in abaca and banana. This chapter provides updated information on the taxonomy, biology, geographical distribution, transmission, and control of the abaca bunchy top virus, which is hoped to help design strategies for effective disease management for ABTV.