Gymnema sylvestreGymnema sylvestre (Retz.) R.Br. ex Sm., is a perennial woody climberPerennial woody climber of ApocynaceaeApocynaceae family. It is native to Asia, Africa, Australia, and some parts of Arabian Peninsula. This is an important medicinal herb commonly used in various traditional medicinal systems to treat diabetes mellitusDiabetes mellitus (DM). Plant parts of G. sylvestre have wide array of phytochemicals, however scientific community has paid more attention to its triterpenoid saponin, ‘gymnemic acid’. This compound is considered to be the principle bioactive compoundBioactive compounds responsible for alleviating the blood sugar level. Considering the diverse medicinal importance of G. sylvestre, it has been haphazardly exploited from its natural habitat for commercial use leading in the depletion. Thus, strategiesStrategies to conserve and propagate this commercially important plant are required. The content of gymnemic acidGymnmemic acid in G. sylvestre is more prone to seasonal and geographical variations. Hence, more emphasis has been given to the in vitro culture techniques. Biotechnological approaches such as plant tissue culturePlant tissue culture, shoot and cell culture, somatic embryogenesisSomatic embryogenesis, elicitorsElicitors and precursors are the alternatives to enhance the gymnemic acid content up to commercial level. Along with these in vitro approaches use of arbuscular mycorrhizalMycorrhizal fungi has proved to be a useful strategyStrategies for gymnemic acidGymnmemic acid production. This chapter gives an insight to the wide range of applications associated with G. sylvestre besides highlighting the role of different approaches for its sustainability.