In today’s transportation sector, robotic systems are increasingly important and play a critical role in the transformation of the industry. This article comprehensively examines the applications, advantages and contributions of various robotic systems used in transportation. Starting from warehousing and logistics processes, it is discussed how robotic systems increase efficiency in inventory management, material handling and placement processes and minimize human error. Advanced technologies such as autonomous vehicles and drones play an important role in optimizing transportation networks and accelerating delivery processes. In addition, the positive effects of these technologies on occupational safety and worker health are also discussed. Robotic systems reduce occupational accidents and enable employees to work in safer environments by automating dangerous and tiring tasks. With the integration of machine learning and artificial intelligence, robots will become more autonomous and intelligent, allowing them to handle more complex tasks in the transportation sector in the future. The article provides an in-depth analysis of the current status of robotic systems in transportation and innovative developments in this field, while also evaluating the potential impacts of these technologies on the sector in the future and possible transformations. Successful examples and case studies on the applications of robotic systems in transportation are also presented to the readers, concretizing the practical version of the subject.