Rhizoctonia is an important soil-borne sclerotia-forming fungal pathogen with a wide range of hosts. The pathogen is distributed globally under all types of climatic conditions. It causes different types of diseases, mostly on the roots, crowns, stems, and leaves, in many economically important agricultural crops. They can also function perfectly as saprotrophs. Pathogens survive in the soil for a long period of time through sclerotia production. Taxonomic studies of Rhizoctonia are very complicated because the imperfect state does not produce spores. Hyphas may be uninucleate, binucleate, or multinucleate. Taxonomically, binucleate Rhizoctonia was placed under the teleomorph Ceratobasidium spp. and Tulasnella spp., whereas multinucleate Rhizoctonia was placed under the teleomorphs of Thanatephorus spp. and Waitea spp. Hyphal anastomosis is common in this genus and has great taxonomic significance. This chapter highlighted the economic importance, taxonomy, morphological variability, symptom variability, disease cycle, epidemiology, and several management practices of the pathogen.