California’s Central Valley is the prime example of an over engineered area. With massive federal assistance, the State’s northern rivers were dammed and diverted to quench the thirst of the arid southern section of the Valley. The culture of the Northern Indigenous Tribes was destroyed along with the anadromous fish runs of the northern rivers. At the time this system was created, an old and defective version of water project analysis was used to justify these massive water rearrangements. But new methodologies now justify the restoration of these rivers. Dams are now beginning to be deconstructed and northern rivers restored.