Pulses and legumes are essential crops in global agriculture and human nutrition for their high protein and fiber content. Pulses, like chickpeas, lentils, and beans, are rich in plant-based nutrition. They are becoming more widely recognized for their grant to robust and nourishing food systems. Gene editing holds significant promise for improving seed quality in pulses by precisely modifying genes associated with key agronomic traits, nutritional composition, and stress tolerance. Gene editing can improve the protein content of legume seeds by altering genes involved in protein synthesis and accumulation, thereby optimizing nutritional quality and addressing specific dietary requirements. It can also increase yield potential by improving plant architecture, flowering time, pod development, and seed size. Gene editing can maximize nitrogen fixation efficiency and decrease dependency on synthetic fertilizers. It can also enhance plant defense mechanisms, reduce yield losses due to diseases and insect pests, and develop stress-tolerant legume varieties.