This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of EU agency in the global energy transition. It starts with mapping the defining features of EU actorness in the international stage, the pivotal interests and ideas driving EU grand strategy and the principal forms of power the EU operationalizes to achieve its foreign policy goals. It subsequently zooms in on EU climate policy. This involves an in-depth presentation of EU climate policy architecture and of the evolution of EU climate policy, and a critical assessment of the track record of EU divestment from oil and gas. The chapter also provides an account of the EU’s progress in embracing the clean energy economy across the dimensions of domestic clean energy capacity, mastery of green technology and clean energy trade, and of the EU’s approach to secure an adequate critical materials basis.