Optimizing Police Response with the Multiple-Type Demand & Multiple-Type Facility Maximal Covering Location Problems
摘要
This work seeks to build on the previous literature regarding coverage models as a means of optimizing location planning under varying demand and facility type conditions. The existing police response and patrol literature has not yet recognized that not all police units are identical. There are categories of police units (e.g., bomb squad, canine, SWAT, detectives) that differ in their numbers, in their equipment, in their training, and in their response behavior. This work will demonstrate how these variations can be modeled in order to more realistically represent police response and location scenarios and to optimize those operations. The literature in the areas of police optimization, related covering models, and the integration of multiple types of facilities in location optimization is reviewed. The motivating application for this work is the optimal covering of multiple different types of calls for police services in the city of Chicago, Il, and the optimal stationing of multiple types of police units throughout the city. Optimization formulations that cast the multiple-type demand maximal covering problem (MTD-MCLP) and the multiple-type facility maximal covering problem (MTF-MCLP) in the context of police response and unit location are provided. Demonstrative results are included along with the descriptions of the models. The chapter concludes with perspectives on the potential benefits of these models for police operations planning, the limitations of these models, and extensions in the context of police operations and additional application areas.