Green Horizons: Assessing Environmental Sustainability and Renewable Energy’s Role in Achieving the Goals—A Case Study of Azerbaijan

This study aims to assess the ecological sustainability of the country’s economy and the role of renewable energy sources (RES) in this process. Statistical and regression analysis methods were used to determine the nature of the relationship between indicators of renewable energy, investments, and goals, as well as to identify forecast values. The results of the study helped to determine the degree of positive or negative impact of the economy on the environment (whether Azerbaijan’s economy is “green” or not), identify the reasons for deviations in the obtained values, and highlight the significance of RES in mitigating negative consequences. Additionally, an assessment was made of the probability of achieving the goal of developing alternative energy in the country, and in the event of a negative scenario, the volume of investments required to achieve the goals of increasing the allowable capacity of energy obtained from RES by 2030 was calculated. The results obtained can be useful for revising strategies for transitioning to environmentally sustainable development and the effective use of renewable energy sources.