With the proliferation of internet-connected devices and the ongoing digitization initiatives undertaken by organizations, there has been a significant surge in cyber-attacks in recent years. The increase in cyber threats demands a fundamental change in cyber security measures, prompting an extensive review of artificial intelligence (AI) use. This survey explores the domains of Machine Learning (ML), Deep Learning (DL), and Natural Language Processing (NLP) in the field of cyber security, illustrating their complex roles and contributions. The paper investigates the latest developments in ML, highlighting its ability to adapt, the complex layers of DL, and the linguistic intelligence of NLP. The paper explores machine learning to detect known risks and deep learning to tackle complicated challenges. It then smoothly transitions into discussing the linguistic analysis of NLP in many cyber security fields. Nevertheless, incorporating AI presents challenges, such as financial issues, potential risks associated with generative AI, and ethical deliberations. This study guides cyber security specialists in navigating the ever-changing realm of AI applications. It offers valuable information to strengthen digital defenses against emerging threats.