This chapter investigates the existence of stochastic and deterministic convergence of ten per capita emissions series of GHGs, aerosol precursors, and aerosols over the period 1820–2018. For that purpose, we apply a large battery of second-generation panel unit root and stationarity tests, all robust to the presence of cross-sectional dependence. The evidence fails to provide clear-cut evidence of convergence dynamics in the cases of both stochastic and deterministic convergence. More specifically, with the exception of per capita CO, NMVOC, NOx, and SO2 emissions for which all panel statistics provide evidence of the absence of stochastic convergence, for the other six pollutants (BC, CH4, CO2, NH3, N2O, and OC) the evidence appears mixed because at least the Moon and Perron (2004) statistics reject the null hypothesis of a lack of stochastic convergence. Concerning deterministic convergence, the evidence appears clearly mixed for most of the per capita emissions series under scrutiny, as given by an approximately balanced account of the panel statistics that support one or the other hypothesis. The exception is per capita CH4 emissions for which only one panel unit root test of Smith et al. (2004) and the pooled unit root tests of Moon and Perron (2004) rejected the unit root null, with the overall evidence indicating a lack of deterministic convergence in CH4 emissions.